Texes Social Studies Practice Exam 2025 – Complete Test Prep Guide

Congressional oversight refers to the process by which Congress monitors and reviews the actions of the executive branch and its agencies to ensure accountability, compliance with laws, and effective implementation of policies. Holding hearings for the review of an executive agency's activities exemplifies this oversight function. During such hearings, congressional committees can question agency officials, gather information, and assess the performance and decisions of the agency. This process is crucial for maintaining checks and balances in the government and ensuring that agencies are operating as intended and addressing the needs of the public.

The other options do not appropriately illustrate the concept of congressional oversight. Signing trade agreements without presidential input would not involve oversight of the executive but rather challenge the established balance of power. Assisting constituents typically falls within the general duties of a legislator rather than oversight. Reporting campaign contributions relates to transparency and regulation of political financing, which also does not directly involve overseeing executive branch activities.